TMJ Scale™ Publications

1. Lundeen TF, Levitt SR, McKinney MW. Discriminative Ability of the TMJ Scale: Age and Gender Differences. Jour of Prosth Dent, 56(1):84-92, 1986. PubMed

2. Levitt SR, Lundeen TF, McKinney MW. The TMJ Scale Manual. Pain Resource Center Inc., Durham, NC, 1987.

3. Levitt SR, Lundeen TF. The TMJ Scale: Quantitative Measurements of Symptoms and Treatment Result. TMJ Update, 5(5):77-80, 1987. PubMed

4. Lundeen TF, Levitt SR, McKinney MW. Clinical Applications of the TMJ Scale. Jour Craniomandib Practice, 6(4):339-345, 1988. PubMed

5. Lundeen TF, Levitt SR, McKinney MW. Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders by Clinician Ratings. Jour Prosth Dent, 59(2):202-211, 1988. PubMed

6. Levitt SR, Lundeen TF, McKinney MW. Initial Studies of a New Assessment Method for Temporomandibular Joint Disorders. Jour Prosth Dent, 59 (4):490-495, 1988. PubMed

7. Levitt SR, McKinney MW, Lundeen TF. The TMJ Scale: Cross-Validation and Reliability Studies. Jour of Craniomandib Practice, 6(1):17-25, 1988. PubMed

8. Lundeen TF, Scruggs R, McKinney MW, Daniel S, Levitt SR. TMD Symptomatology Among Denture Patients. Jour Craniomandib Disord Fac Oral Pain, 4(1):40-45, 1990. PubMed

9. McKinney MW, Lundeen TF, Turner S, Levitt SR. Chronic TM Disorder and Non-TM Disorder Pain: A Comparison of Behavioral and Psychological Characteristics. Jour Craniomandib Practice, 8(1):40-46, 1990. PubMed

10. Levitt SR. The Predictive Value of the TMJ Scale in Detecting Psychological Problems and Non-TM Disorders in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders. Jour Craniomandib Practice, 8(3):225-233, 1990. PubMed

11. Levitt SR. Predictive Value of the TMJ Scale in Detecting Clinically Significant Symptoms of Tempormandibular Disorders. Jour Craniomandib Disord Facial Oral Pain, 4(3):177-185, 1990. PubMed

12. Spiegel EP, Levitt SR. Measuring Symptom Severity and Treatment Outcome of Tempormandibular Disorders with the TMJ Scale: Case Report. Jour Craniomandib Practice, 8(4):353-358, 1990. PubMed

13. Spiegel EP, Levitt SR. Measuring Symptom Severity with the TMJ Scale. Jour Clinical Orthodont, 25(1):21-26, 1991. PubMed

14. Levitt SR, Spiegel EP, Claypoole WH. The TMJ Scale and Undetected Brain Tumors in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders. Jour Craniomandib Practice, 9(2):152-158, 1991. PubMed

15. Levitt SR. Predictive Value: A Model for Dentists to Evaluate the Accuracy of Diagnostic Tests for Temporomandibular Disorders as Applied to the TMJ Scale. Jour of Prosthetic Dent, 66(3):385-390, 1991. PubMed

16. Owen III, AH, Record Keeping Adjuncts for TMD Therapy, Jour Craniomandib Pract, 9(1):39-48, 1991.

17. Murphy GJ, McKinney MW, Gross WG. Temporomandibular-Related Pressure Thresholds: A Model for Establishing Baselines. Jour Craniomandib Practice, 10(2):118-123, 1992. PubMed

18. Pocock PR, Mamandras AH, Bellamy N. Evaluation of an Anamnestic Questionnaire as an Instrument for Investigating Potential Relationships between Orthodontic Therapy and Temporomandibular Disorders. Am Jour Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 102(3):239-243, 1992. PubMed

19. Levitt SR, McKinney MW, Willis WA. Measuring the Impact of a Dental Practice on TM Disorder Symptoms. Jour of Craniomandib Practice, 11(3):211-216, 1993. PubMed

20. Levitt SR, McKinney MW. Validating the TMJ Scale in a National Sample of 10,000 Patients: Demographic and Epidemiologic Characteristics. Jour of Orofacial Pain, 8(1):25-25, 1994. PubMed

21. Chibnall JT, Duckro PN, Greenberg MS. Evidence for Construct Validity of the TMJ Scale in a Sample of Chronic Post-Traumatic Headache Patients. Jour of Craniomandib Practice, 12(3):184-189, 1994. PubMed

22. Levitt SR, McKinney MW. The Appropriate Use of Predictive Values in Clinical Decision Making and Evaluating Diagnostic Tests for TMD. Jour of Orofacial Pain, 8(3):298-308, 1994. PubMed

23. Brown DT, Gaudet EL, Jr.. Outcome Measurement for Treated and Untreated TMD Patients Using the TMJ Scale. Jour of Craniomandib Practice, 12(4):216-221, 1994. PubMed

24. Willis WA. The Effectiveness of an Extreme Canine-Protected Splint with Limited Lateral Movement in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Dysfunction. Am Jour Orthodont Dentofac Orthop, 107(3):229-234, 1995. PubMed

25. Wexler GB, McKinney MW. Assessing Treatment Outcomes in Two TMD Diagnostic Categories Employing a Validated Psychometric Test. Jour of Craniomandib Practice, 13(4):256-263, 1995. PubMed

26. Simmons HC, Gibbs SJ. Recapture of Temporomandibular Joint Disks Using Anterior Repositioning Appliances: An MRI Study. Jour of Craniomandib Practice, 13(4):228-237, 1995. PubMed

27. Steed PA. Clinical Application of Psychometric Analysis for Temporomandibular Dysfunction. The Functional Orthodontist, 13:32-39, Fall 1996. PubMed

28. Murphy GJ. Physical Medicine Modalities and Trigger Point Injections in the Management of Temporomandibular Disorders and Assessing Treatment Outcome. Jour of Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Radiology and Endodontics, 83:118-122, 1997. PubMed

29. Duckro PN, Chibnall JT, Greenberg MS, Schultz KT. Prevalence of Temporomandibular Dysfunction in Chronic Post-Traumatic Headache Patients. Headache Quarterly, 7:228-233, 1997.

30. Steed PA. Etiological Factors and Temporomandibular Treatment Outcomes: the Effects of Trauma and Psychological Dysfunction. The Functional Orthodontist, 14:17-22, Fall 1997. PubMed

31. Steed PA, Clinical Application of Psychometric Analysis for Temporomandibular Dysfunction, in Anthology of Craniomandibular Orthopedics, Vol IV, Richard E. Coy (ed), International College of Craniomandibular Orthopedics, Seattle, 1997. PubMed

32. Wexler GB, Steed PA, Psychological Factors and Temporomandibular Treatment Outcomes, Jour of Craniomandib Practice, (16)2: 72-77, 1998. PubMed

33. Steed PA, "TMD Treatment Outcomes: A Statistical Assessment of the Effects of Psychological Variables. Jour of Craniomandib Practice, (16)3: 138-42, 1998. PubMed

34. Wexler GB, McKinney MW, Temporomandibular Treatment Outcomes within Five Diagnostic Categories, Jour of Craniomandib Practice, (17)1: 30-37, 1999 PubMed

35. Gaudet EL, Jr., Brown DT, Temporomandibular Treatment Outcomes: First Report of a Large-Scale Prospective Clinical Study, Jour of Craniomandib Practice, (18)1: 9-22, 2000. PubMed

36. Steed PA, Wexler, GB, Temporomandibular Disorders-Traumatic Etiology vs. Nontraumatic Etiology: A Clinical and Methodological Inquiry into Symptomatology and Treatment Outcomes, Jour of Craniomandib Practice, (19)3: 188-194, 2001. PubMed

37. Aghabeigi B, Hiranaka D, Keith D, Kelly J, Crean St. J, Effect of Orthognathic Surgery on the Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Anterior Open Bite, Int J Adult Orthod Orthognath Surg, (16): 153-160, 2001. PubMed

38. Winocur E, Gavish T, Finkelshtein M, Halachmi M, Gazit E, Oral Habits among adolescent girls and their association with symptoms of temporomandibular disorders, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Jour Oral Rehabilitation,(97): 624-629, 2001.

39.  Brown DT, Gaudet EL, Jr, Temporomandibular Treatment Outcomes: Second Report of a Large-Scale Prospective Clinical Study, Jour of Craniomandib Practice, (20)4: 244-253, 2002. PubMed

40. Yamaguchi D, et al, Evaluation of Psychological Factors in Orthodontic Patients with TMD as Applied to the "TMJ Scale", The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College, (43)2: 83-87, 2002. PubMed

41. Nasr MK, Bataglion C, Nunes L de J, Batagion SAN, Paiva AF, Application of the TMJ Scale and Electromyography in Masseter and Anterior Temporal Muscles in Subjects with Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction With and Without Orthodontic Treatment and Operative Dentistry Restorative Treatment: Comparative Study, Jornal Brasileiro de Oclusao, ATM e Dor Orofacial,2(5): 34-43, 2002.

42. Sollecito PA, Clayton LG, DeRossi S, The Clayton Intraaural Device for Temporomandibular Disorders, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and Endodontics,(97)4: 455, 2004.

43. Steed TP, The Longevity of Temporomandibular Disorder Improvements after Active Treatment Modalities, Jour Craniomandib Pract,22(2): 110-114, 2004.

44. Qasim WF, The Effectiveness of Occlusal Splint Therapy in Treatment of Iraqi Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) Patients, J Med J, 40(4): 1-6, 2006.

45. Talley RL, Use of MINTIVA TMJ (tm) Topical Cream for Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint and Muscle Pain in Symptomatic Patients, TMDiary,23(2): 23-34, 2010.